Glomus intraradices

Glomus intraradices Glomus macrocarpus and Gigaspora gigantea Glomus epigaeus and Glomus fasciculatus Gigaspora gigantea Glomus dimorphicum Organisms shown to be alive at start of experiment Yes No No Yes No Parasites were experimentally introduced to AMF population Yes –Trichoderma harzianum Yes –‘Pythium-like’ fungus

Introduction ‘What is a species?’ remains a classic question that still tortures many PhD candidates during qualifying exams, but last year this issue resulted in differing interpretations of endemism from a study involving global sampling of Glomeromycotina, the fungi responsible for arbuscular mycorrhizas (Davison et al., 2015; Bruns & Taylor, …Aug 14, 2021 · Rhizophagus intraradices is morphologically re-described, an epitype is designated from a single-spore isolate derived from ATT 4, and R. venetianum is synonymised with R. irregularis. Keywords: Glomeromycota; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; molecular phylogeny; phenotypic plasticity; species definition. The effect of Glomus intraradices inoculation on the height increment was obvious on visual comparison at the end of 60days. The enhanced height increment in sorghum plants could be attributed to the Glomus intraradices colonization. Mycorrhiza infection is known to enhance plant growth by increasing nutrients uptake [10]. 7 Eyl 2023 ... It is very effective in bringing water and nutrients to plants. Glomus intraradices is also a good collaborator, a key element for optimal plant ...Nov 16, 2011 · Glomus intraradices is one of the most studied AM fungi as it rapidly colonizes its host plants, and it is a model species for dissecting the molecular and cellular biology of the Glomeromycota (Seddas et al., 2009; Sanders & Croll, 2010).

Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly Glomus intraradices) Potato virus Y (Potyvirus, potyviridae) Positive ssRNA (Gruppo IV) Milder symptoms: Leaves, stems, roots: Increase of leaves and stems dry weight: Thiem et al., 2014: Tobacco (Solanaceae) Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly Glomus intraradices) Tobacco mosaic virus …Reference Guide. For many of the species listed below, selected high resolution images can be viewed or downloaded from thumbnails located near the bottom of each page.Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis occurs between obligate biotrophic fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most land plants. The exchange of nutrients between host plants and AM fungi (AMF) is presumed to be the main benefit for the two symbiotic partners.Jul 11, 2023 · For example, the notes to the species description of R. fasciculatus from INVAM report that every attempt to propagate what seemed to be R. fasciculatus, resulted in cultures of R. intraradices [sic] while the International Bank for Glomeromycota reports a culture (BEG53) of ‘Glomus irregularis originally misidentified as Glomus fasciculatum ... The aim of the current study is starting to unravel these complex interactions and test the predictions of the Cameron et al. 10 model by investigating: (i) the responses of plant growth to ...Rhizophagus irregularis (previously known as Glomus intraradices) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Rhizophagus irregularis is also commonly used in scientific studies of the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant and soil improvement.

There is evidence that plants that took up larger amounts of nutrients through their AM fungal symbiont (e.g. Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae) have an increased tolerance for pathogenic infections (e.g. Bodker et al. 1998; Karagiannidis et al. 2002). However, it is not clear whether this increased tolerance was a direct …Coils formed by Glomus intraradices in A. fistulosas are active with respect to succinate dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activity ( van Aarle et al., 2005).Glomus etunicatum and Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 strains, when co-inoculated in soil, significantly increased dry biomass, AM root colonization, and nutrient accumulation in maize plants under salt stress (Lee et al., 2015), while R. intraradices and Massilia sp. RK4 exhibited better results on AM root colonization and nutrient …Jan 1, 2002 · An in vitro system using Ri T-DNA transformed carrot roots as the host bearing simultaneously different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi belonging to two genera Glomus intraradices (Smith and Schenck) and Gigaspora margarita (Becker and Hall) was developed. Co-existence appeared healthy and harmonious, as both the generic species showed ... Arbuscular colonization appears to peak earlier than many other fungi in Glomus, with older roots often containing an extensive hyphal network (minus arbuscules) ...

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The long hard road to a completed Glomus intraradices genome. New Phytologist 180 , 747–750 (2008). Article CAS PubMed Google ScholarThis protein was then partly characterized as thermostable and recalcitrant to microbial degradation, with part of its amino acid sequence showing similarity to the Hsp60 from AMF fungal isolate Glomus intraradices DAOM197198, currently known as Rhizophagus irregularis (Stockinger et al., 2009; Schüßler and Walker, 2010).Glomus Intraradices Add to Mendeley Mycorrhizas: Symbiotic Mediators of Rhizosphere and Ecosystem Processes Nancy C. Johnson, Catherine A. Gehring, in The Rhizosphere, 2007 BACTERIA-MYCORRHIZA INTERACTIONSTwo host plants, medic (Medicago truncatula) and leek (Allium porrum), were inoculated with three AMF species (Glomus mosseae, G. claroideum and G. intraradices), either separately or in mixtures. The composition of the AMF communities in the roots was assessed using real-time PCR to determine the copy number of large ribosomal subunit …It's a member of the arbuscular mycorrhiza who stimulate the growth and development of different plant spieces. Worldwide some 150 different species of ...

On the other hand, free proline enrichment varies according to different species of AMF as seen from the differences observed between GM, Glomus fasciculatum (GF), and mixed GM + GF inoculation in Acacia arabica (Datta and Kulkarni, 2014b); R. intraradices, C. etunicatum, and Septoglomus conicatum inoculation in maize (Estrada …Rhizophagus irregularis (previously known as Glomus intraradices ) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Rhizophagus irregularis is also commonly used in scientific studies of the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant and soil improvement. Until … See moreIt's a member of the arbuscular mycorrhiza who stimulate the growth and development of different plant spieces. Worldwide some 150 different species of ...Jun 22, 2011 · The study aimed to investigate the effects of an AM fungus (Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith) on mineral acquisition in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) plants under different levels of salinity. Mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) fenugreek plants were subjected to four levels of NaCl salinity (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl). Plant tissues were analyzed for different mineral ... Jul 14, 2011 · Here we show that Glomus intraradices secretes a protein, SP7, that interacts with the pathogenesis-related transcription factor ERF19 in the plant nucleus. ERF19 is highly induced in roots by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii as well as by several fungal extracts, but only transiently during mycorrhiza colonization. 1.2.1 Phylogeny and taxonomy. Since the first description of Glomus microcarpum (formerly Endogone macrocarpus) by the Tulasne & Tulasne, 1845, the phylogeny and taxonomy of AM fungi were totally reorganized following the availability of molecular data (see Stürmer, 2012, for an historical review of taxonomy). Pelletier et Dionne (2004). Inoculation rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus intraradices and Glomus etunicatum affects establishment of landscape turf with no irrigation and or fertilizer inputs. Crop Science, 44:335-338. Podeszfinski et al, (2002). In situ turfgrass establishment : I. response to arbuscular mycorrhizae and fertilization.Background: Glomus intraradices is a species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that, as an obligate endomycorrhiza, can form mutually beneficial associations with plants. Panax ginseng is a popular traditional Chinese medicine; however, problems associated with ginseng planting, such as pesticide residues, reduce the ginseng quality. Terralba proposes you to use Endomycorhize Glomus Intraradices, now available in our organic cannabis cultivation products catalogue at Alchimiaweb. This ...Toussaint J P, St-Arnaud M, Charest C. Nitrogen transfer and assimilation between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith and Ri T-DNA roots of Daucus carota L. in an in vitro compartmented system. Can J Microbiol, 2004, 50: 251–260This member of Bulkhoderiales was reported previously as a frequently isolated species in the Glomus intraradices hyphosphere (Mansfeld-Giese et al., 2002) and was also recovered from the hyphosphere of G. mosseae (Andrade et al., 1997). The taxon was shown to promote plant growth (Schmalenberger et al., 2008).In a recent study on barley plants inoculated with Glomus intraradices, Ruth et al. used a compartmented ‘split plant-hyphal’ chamber together with a specifically adapted online system for monitoring the soil water content to provide an accurate estimate of the water content of the two compartments and thus to derive the hyphal water flow ...

In the present study, the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith and four rhizobacteria (RB; 58/1 and D/2: Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar II; 17: P. putida; 21: Enterobacter cloacae), which are the important members of the rhizosphere microflora and biological control agents against …

Box 1. Glossary. Adaptation – Hereditary trait change that increases individual fitness.. Apoptosis – Programmed cell death.. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) – Fungi in the phylum Glomeromycota that establish mutualistic associations with roots of vascular plants, where the fungus colonizes the inside of plant cells and provides water …Box 1. Glossary. Adaptation – Hereditary trait change that increases individual fitness.. Apoptosis – Programmed cell death.. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) – Fungi in the phylum Glomeromycota that establish mutualistic associations with roots of vascular plants, where the fungus colonizes the inside of plant cells and provides water …The seedling in each P supply treatment was inoculated with Glomus intraradices (Gi), a widespread species of AMF in the natural environment, and with no AMF inoculation as a control treatment (CK).Aguirre-Medina, J.F., Mendoza-López, A., Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Avendaño-Arrazate, C.H., Efecto de la biofertilización en vivero del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) con Azospirillum brasilense Tarrand, Krieg et Döbereiner y Glomus intraradices Schenk et Smith, Interciencia 32 (2007) 541 – 546. Google ScholarTwo strains of AMF, Glomus multisubtensum KKU-UD-JA-DBr (GM), and Rhizophagus intraradices KKU-Wh (RI)) were obtained from the stock soil inoculum in the Mycotechnology laboratory at the ...Glomus intraradices: Rhizophagus intraradices: Several isolates previously identified as R. intraradices (Basionym G. intraradices) were subsequently identified as R. irregularis (Basionym G. irregulare) including the isolate most commonly used in root organ culture studies (see Stockinger, Walker, & Schußler, 2009). Glomus irregulare: …Terralba proposes you to use Endomycorhize Glomus Intraradices, now available in our organic cannabis cultivation products catalogue at Alchimiaweb. This ...The aim of the current study is starting to unravel these complex interactions and test the predictions of the Cameron et al. 10 model by investigating: (i) the responses of plant growth to ...

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The effects of Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Bacillus pumilus on the root-rot disease complex caused by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the root-rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in chickpea was assessed by quantifying differences in the shoot dry mass, pod number, nodulation, and shoot content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Inoculation ...Jun 7, 2017 · The poor quality and low productivity of cultivated liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) continues to put pressure on wild plant populations. As arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are known to support plant growth and in some cases even to enhance the accumulation of valuable molecules in the plant, the effect of Glomus mosseae on the growth and active ingredient contents was evaluated in liquorice ... Rhizophagus irregularis. Rhizophagus irregularis (previously Glomus intraradices) is an AMF used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. From: Plant-Microbe Interaction - Recent Advances in Molecular and Biochemical Approaches, 2023. Add to Mendeley. Mar 9, 2023 · Analysis of the origin of putative G. intraradices genes represented on the Medicago GeneChip®. PCR amplification using DNA isolated from M. truncatula roots, G. versiforme spores or G ... Glomus intraradices most rapidly colonized the available substrate and transported significant amounts of P towards the roots. " D Furthermore, Cavagnaro et al. (2005) found that " Glomus intraradices was found to be one of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that was able to control nutrient uptake amounts by individual hyphae depending on ... Nov 29, 2007 · The effects of Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Bacillus pumilus on the root-rot disease complex caused by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the root-rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in chickpea was assessed by quantifying differences in the shoot dry mass, pod number, nodulation, and shoot content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Inoculation ... Sep 1, 2011 · The effects were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions using an axenically propagated strain of the AM fungus Glomus intraradices and Glycine max (soybean) as the plant host. The rates of spore germination and re-growth of intraradical mycelium were not affected by inoculation with Paenibacillus strains in spite of the variation of ... When Glomus intraradices-colonised tomato roots were extracted in methanol at 6 °C, chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally present in the extract, was slowly converted by transesterification into methyl caffeate. The progress of the reaction could be monitored by HPLC. The reaction only occurred when the ground roots were left in … ….

Jul 26, 2011 · Here we show that Glomus intraradices secretes a protein, SP7, that interacts with the pathogenesis-related transcription factor ERF19 in the plant nucleus. ERF19 is highly induced in roots by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii as well as by several fungal extracts, but only transiently during mycorrhiza colonization. The present study, using an advanced analytical detection system, sought to characterize the effects of the AM fungus, Glomus intraradices on the levels of the auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins in tobacco roots and shoots. Measurements were done before the colonization by the AM fungus had elicited any visible benefits to the tobacco plant.Jan 1, 2020 · Sieverding et al. (2014) proposed Rhizoglomus gen. nov. (Glomeraceae, Glomeromycetes) typified by Glomus intraradices [≡ Rhizoglomus intraradices]. The taxonomy and identification of AM fungi is still undergoing a radical reform and remains challenging. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis occurs between obligate biotrophic fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most land plants. The exchange of nutrients between host plants and AM fungi (AMF) is presumed to be the main benefit for the two symbiotic partners.intraradices and was 5.15% inoculated with Glomus geosporum. Most AMF investigated in the present study could colonize the rice grown under the condition of 50% of soil WHC (Table 3). Li also showed that the AMF colonization rates in rice were the highest under the condition of 50% of soil WHC.Two strains of AMF, Glomus multisubtensum KKU-UD-JA-DBr (GM), and Rhizophagus intraradices KKU-Wh (RI)) were obtained from the stock soil inoculum in the Mycotechnology laboratory at the ...The first three of those genomes to be published are those of the ECM basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor, the ECM ascomycete Tuber melanosporum, and the AM glomeromycete Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly Glomus intraradices; Martin et al., 2008, 2010; Tisserant et al., 2013). These first three were chosen for both their diversity and their individual …Glomus Intraradices Add to Mendeley Mycorrhizas: Symbiotic Mediators of Rhizosphere and Ecosystem Processes Nancy C. Johnson, Catherine A. Gehring, in The Rhizosphere, 2007 BACTERIA–MYCORRHIZA INTERACTIONSGlomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus etunicatum; 720,000 Endomycorrhizal Propagules per Pint; 5,760,000 Endomycorrhizal Propagules per Gallon; Package Options: 1 Pint Bottles (Case = 8 x 1 Pint Bottles) 1 Gallon Jugs (Case = 4 x 1 Gallon Jugs) Resources: MycoApply EndoThrive Specimen Label: CLICK HEREJun 7, 2017 · The poor quality and low productivity of cultivated liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) continues to put pressure on wild plant populations. As arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are known to support plant growth and in some cases even to enhance the accumulation of valuable molecules in the plant, the effect of Glomus mosseae on the growth and active ingredient contents was evaluated in liquorice ... Glomus intraradices, Glomus intraradices is one of the most studied AM fungi as it rapidly colonizes its host plants, and it is a model species for dissecting the molecular and cellular biology of the Glomeromycota …, The effect of dual inoculation with AMF Glomus mosseae or Glomus intraradices and PGPR, Bacillus sp. was investigated by Vivas et al. on the development and physiology of lettuce. Plants were assessed for growth, mineral nutrition and gas-exchange in response to microbial inoculation after polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced …, To clarify, most mycorrhizae species we use for cannabis is rhizophagus irregularis (formerly known as glomus intraradices). However different myco products differ in which strains or subtypes of irregularis they use. The one in dynomyco was specifically selected for its benefit to cannabis. Dynomyco also includes some spores of the species glomus …, Rhizophagus irregularis (previously known as Glomus intraradices ) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Rhizophagus irregularis is also commonly used in scientific studies of the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant and soil improvement. Until … See more, Only plants grown with Glomus intraradices had universally improved nutrient levels. Our study shows that the identity of AM fungi can influence many nutrients besides phosphorus, but the magnitude and direction of this response is also affected by host plant characteristics and soil nutrient status. Highlights, Sep 1, 2011 · The effects were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions using an axenically propagated strain of the AM fungus Glomus intraradices and Glycine max (soybean) as the plant host. The rates of spore germination and re-growth of intraradical mycelium were not affected by inoculation with Paenibacillus strains in spite of the variation of ... , 9 Ara 2022 ... ... Glomus intraradices (Gi), a widespread species of AMF in the natural environment, and with no AMF inoculation as a control treatment (CK) ..., The establishment of AM fungi in the plant root has been shown to reduce the damage caused by soil-borne plant pathogens with the enhancement of resistance in mycorrhizal plants. The effectiveness of AM fungi in biocontrol is dependent on the AM fungus involved, as well as the substrate and host plant., The genus Glomus is abundant in the soils of rainforest areas (including Indonesia) with a percentage of 52.3% and can live in soils with various salinity levels (Yakop et al., 2019). Research ..., Abstract. The effects of Glomus intraradices and Pseudomonas putida were observed alone and in combination with fertilizers (composted cow manure and urea) on the growth of tomato and on the reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita.Inoculation of P. putida caused a greater increase in the tomato growth than G. intraradices and …, Glomus intraradices N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm. Spores occur in aggregates or singly in the soil, and frequently are formed inside of roots. AGGREGATES pale yellow (3A3) to greyish yellow (2B5); of a different shape, usually ovoid 0.3-1.8 x 1.0-3.0 mm; containing from 2 to more than 100 spores., 2.3 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Another well-known symbiotic relative of plants are arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (e.g., Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae ), an important component of ecosystem for their significant role in increasing ecosystem efficiency. AM are advantageous to plants for providing water and nutrients to host plants ... , Find the perfect glomus intraradices stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. Available for both RF and RM licensing., Combined shoot and root biomass of medic and leek 4 and 8 wk after sowing. Mean values of four replicates +1 SE of means are shown. Open bars, nonmycorrhizal plants (NM); closed bars, mycorrhizal plants. Plants colonized by M, Glomus mosseae; I, Glomus intraradices; C, Glomus claroideum. Mixed inoculation …, Jan 15, 2021 · The four treatments included single inoculation with Rhizophagus intraradices (+ AMF−Rh), single inoculation with Rhizobium trifolii (− AMF + Rh), dual inoculation with Rhizophagus intraradices and Rhizobium trifolii (+ AMF + Rh), and inoculation with autoclaved (121 °C, 0.11 MPa, 2 h) mycorrhizal inoculums and ddH 2 O (− AMF − Rh ... , On the other hand, free proline enrichment varies according to different species of AMF as seen from the differences observed between GM, Glomus fasciculatum (GF), and mixed GM + GF inoculation in Acacia arabica (Datta and Kulkarni, 2014b); R. intraradices, C. etunicatum, and Septoglomus conicatum inoculation in maize (Estrada …, The six AM fungi species (Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus ... Stout, M. J. & Wurst, S. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) on the oviposition ..., 28 Oca 2016 ... The inoculation with Glomus intraradices enhanced peanut growth and increased its dry matter more than 2-fold compared with non-inoculated ..., Background: Mentha arvensis is cultivated in large parts of the world for its menthol-rich essential oil. The study investigates the potential of four mycorrhizal fungi, viz. Glomus mosseae (Gm), Glomus aggregatum (Ga), Glomus fasciculatum (Gf) and Glomus intraradices (Gi) in alleviating NaCl-induced salt stress in Mentha arvensis cv. Kosi and establishes the specificity of interaction between ... , We review and synthesize the literature on the role of mycorrhizas and root exudates in plant uptake of these key nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe) in the context of potential nutrient deficiencies..., Enhanced hyphal growth and spore production of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in an in vitro system in the absence of host roots. Mycol. Res. 100, 328–332 (1996)., Glomus Intraradices. Coils formed by Glomus intraradices in A. fistulosas are active with respect to succinate dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatase …, 7 Eyl 2023 ... It is very effective in bringing water and nutrients to plants. Glomus intraradices is also a good collaborator, a key element for optimal plant ..., The genus forms long infection units with "H" connections between parallel strands, intraradical vesicles, and arbuscules that stain dark with Trypan blue. Phylogenetically, the genus is several times polyphyletic. Next Keywords Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Generalist symbionts Glomeraceae Glomerales Glomoid spores 1. Introduction, intraradices, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus fasciculatum. on plant grow th and de velopment, nutrient up take and . essential oil content an d composition o f sweet basil. MATERIALS AND M ETHODS., There is evidence that plants that took up larger amounts of nutrients through their AM fungal symbiont (e.g. Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae) have an increased tolerance for pathogenic infections (e.g. Bodker et al. 1998; Karagiannidis et al. 2002). However, it is not clear whether this increased tolerance was a direct …, With naturally occurring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF; Glomus intraradices) in soils, their influence (positive or negative) on ENPs toxicity in plants is not well documented. Herein, we investigated potential influence of AMF on the growth and development in fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ) under varied Zinc oxide …, Roots of L. japonicus are also effectively colonized by symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, for example, Glomus intraradices and Gigaspora margarita. These fungi invade the root tissue by intercellular and intracellular hyphal growth and form arbuscules in cortical cells where metabolic interchanges take place. , 28 Oca 2016 ... The inoculation with Glomus intraradices enhanced peanut growth and increased its dry matter more than 2-fold compared with non-inoculated ..., Jun 15, 2021 · 实际上这是两个完全不同的物种，前者的中文译名为异形根孢囊霉，而后者则为根内根孢囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices）。 关于这个区别，王幼珊和刘润进两位老师已经在2017年发表的 《球囊菌门丛枝菌根真菌最新分类系统菌种名录》 做了系统性地校正和说明。 , intraradices and was 5.15% inoculated with Glomus geosporum. Most AMF investigated in the present study could colonize the rice grown under the condition of 50% of soil WHC (Table 3). Li also showed that the AMF colonization rates in rice were the highest under the condition of 50% of soil WHC., During the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices, an endogenous increase in jasmonic acid (JA) occurs. Two full-length cDNAs coding for the JA-biosynthetic enzyme allene oxide cyclase (AOC) from M. truncatula, designated as MtAOC1 and MtAOC2, were cloned …, Nov 29, 2007 · The effects of Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Bacillus pumilus on the root-rot disease complex caused by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the root-rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in chickpea was assessed by quantifying differences in the shoot dry mass, pod number, nodulation, and shoot content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Inoculation ...